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A:What are the solar controller’s battery charging stages?Solar charge controllers put batteries through 4 charging stages:1. Bulk2. Absorption3. Float4. EqualizeFigure 3: Multi-Stage Battery Charging For lead acid batteries, the initial bulk charging stage delivers maximum allowable current into the battery to bring it up to a state of charge of approximately 80 to 90%. During bulk charging, the battery’s voltage increases to about 14.5 volts for a nominal 12-volt battery.Then when the battery reaches the Absorption voltage set-point, constant-voltage regulation is applied but the current is reduced as the batteries approach a full state of charge. This prevents heating and excessive battery gassing.When absorption charging is complete, the battery has about 98% state of charge. Then, the charging current is reduced further so the battery voltage drops down to the Float voltage.The Float stage keeps the battery at maximum capacity throughout the day. For flooded open vent batteries, an equalization charge is applied once every 2 to 4 weeks to maintain consistent specific gravities among individual battery cells. The more deeply a battery is discharged on a daily basis, the more often equalization charging is required. Equalization is for flooded, not for sealed, GEL or valve-regulated batteries which can be damaged by equalization.
A:1. What information displays on the LCD?PV voltage / Output power / Battery voltage / Charging current / Working mode / Temperature / Protection mode2. How to choose lithium for the SOLAR controller?If Voltage from DC9V- DC15V, then as 12V system. 24V/36V/48V as below.12V system (DC9V-DC15V)24V system (DC18V-DC29V)36V system (DC30V-DC39V)48V system (DC40V~DC60V)3. Why there is no display when I connect the battery?Please choose the right panels and battery, then connect all polarity correctly.And confirm your battery is over 12V or 13V, then the controller can startup.4. How to set the parameter for lithium?Following the manual, just set the D04 to 01, then set the charging voltage.5. How to install the solar system if I don't have experience?Please ask the local solar engineer or contact us for help.6. How to repair after 1 or 2 years?Normally it works fine and if there is a problem,we'll provide spare parts for your repairingin order to use our controller as long as possible.
A:A solar charge controller is a device that acts as the interface between solar PV modules and batteries. It does the following: Limits the rate at which current is added to batteries. If batteries are charged at rates higher than their recommended rates, it reduces battery life.Prevents the battery from over-charging, which reduces battery life drastically. Over-charging or charging abusively can also lead to emission of gases, both in the case of FLA batteries as well as VRLA batteries.Limits the rate at which current is drawn from the batteries. If batteries are discharged at rates higher than their recommended rates, it reduces battery life.Prevents the battery from over-discharging, which reduces battery life drastically, especially if the batteries are not designed to handle deep discharge conditions. Overcharging or charging abusively can also lead to emission of gases, both in the case of FLA batteries as well as VRLA batteries.Essentially, a solar charge controller does the job of increasing the life of batteries to the extent possible.
